中国外来入侵植物区系组成的大尺度格局及其气候解释

外来入侵物种的空间分布格局及其影响因子的研究是外来物种管理和控制的基础。本研究利用文献数据和气候资料，探讨了中国外来人侵植物（属）区系组成的大尺度格局及其与气候因子之间的联系。从植物区系的总体构成来看，热带区系成分所占比重较大，其次为温带成分和世界分布成分，说明研究区域内外来人侵植物主要起源于热带地区，其次为温带地区。从空间格局来看，从南到北，热带区系成分所占比重呈递减趋势，而温带区系成分所占比重则呈递增趋势。这说明，在南部区域，外来入侵植物更多的来自于热带地区，但在北部区域，来自于温带地区的外来入侵植物可能占据主导地位。热量水平显著影响外来入侵植物的空间格局，随着热量水平的提高，热带区系比重呈递增趋势，而温带区系成分所占比重则呈递减趋势，这可能与不同区系成分植物的生态特性有关。

Spatial Patterns of Floristic Composition of Invasive Alien Plants in Large Scale and Their Climatic Interpretation

The management and control of invasive alien plants are primarily based on the knowledge of their spatial patterns and the major factors. In this study, the spatial patterns of floristic composition of genus of invasive alien plants in China and their climatic interpretation were investigated based on information from literature and climate data. The results showed that tropical elements dominated the study area, followed by temperate elements and cosmopolitan elements, respectively. From south to north, there was a decreasing trend in the ratios of tropical elements, while an increasing trend was observed in the ratios of temperate elements. It indicated that in southern region, invasive alien plants mainly came from more tropical regions, while in northern region plants from temperate area gained the domination. Energy strongly shaped the spatial patterns of floristic composition. With the increase of mean annual temperature, tropical elements showed an increasing trend, while a decreasing trend was observed in temperate elements, which may be due to their different ecological characters.