The importance of gobies (Gobiidae,Teleostei) as hosts and transmitters of parasites in the SW Baltic |
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Authors: | C D Zander U Strohbach S Groenewold |
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Institution: | 1. Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, Universit?t Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D-W-2000, Hamburg 13, Federal Republic of Germany
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Abstract: | The parasite fauna of five goby species (Gobiidae, Teleostei) was investigated in the Baltic Sea during the period 1987 to
1990. 13 parasite species were found in samples from the Lübeck Bight:Bothriocephalus scorpii, Schistocephalus sp. (Cestoda);Cryptocotyle concavum, Cryptocotyle lingua, Podocotyle atomon, Derogenes varicus (Digenea);Hysterothylacium sp. (cf.auctum),Contracaecum sp.,Anisakis simplex (Nematoda);Corynosoma sp.,Echinorhynchus gadi, Neoechinorhynchus rutili, Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala). The number of parasite species were: 10 in the sand gobyPomatoschistus minutus, 8 in the black gobyGobius niger, 7 in the two-spotted gobyGobiusculus flavescens, 6 in the common gobyPomatoschistus microps, and 5 in the painted gobyPomatoschistus pictus. Neoechinorhynchus rutili occurred only inP. minutus, andCorynosoma sp. only inG. niger. The extent to which the gobies were parasitized clearly depended on the respective ways of life and, moreover, on the kind
of prey ingested by the hosts. Additionally, the age of the hosts might be important. The highest rate of parasitism, more
than 60%, was reached byHysterothylacium sp. inG. niger and byCryptocotyle concavum inP. microps. Infestation incidence lay mostly below 40% which means a satellite species status (Holmes, 1991). The number of parasite
species was highest in summer; the highest intensities of single parasites occurred in spring (Podocotyle atomon) or autumn (Crytocotyle concavum).Bothriocephalus scorpii, Hysterothylacium sp. andPodocotyle infested their juvenile hosts very early, but onlyHysterothylacium was accumulated byG. niger during its whole life span, whereasBothriocephalus persisted also in older gobies in low intensities. The cercariae ofCryptocotyle spp. penetrate actively into their hosts; all the other parasites named were transmitted in larval form by prey organisms
which consisted mainly of planktonic and benthic crustaceans. The gobies were final hosts for only 5 parasites; but two species
may be transmitted to larger fish, and 6 species to sea birds or mammals. The parasite community of the five gobies may possibly
be taken to characterize the ecological quality of the environment of the Lübeck Bight. |
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