Components of pollination effectiveness in Psychotria suerrensis,a tropical distylous shrub |
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Authors: | Judy L. Stone |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Ecology and Evolution, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1194-5245 Stony Brook, NY, USA;(2) Present address: Department of Zoology, Duke University, 27706 Durham, NC, USA |
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Abstract: | In this paper I report components of effectiveness for pollinators of a tropical distylous shrub, Psychotria suerrensis (Rubiaceae), which is visited by a variety of bees, wasps, and butterflies, and by two species of hummingbirds. In the field, I measured the following components of effectiveness: frequency of visits, evenness of visits across plants, and diurnal pattern of visits. I also used flight-cage experiments to compare pollentransfer abilities of euglossine bees and heliconiid butterflies. Euglossine bees visited more frequently, visited earlier in the day, and visited a higher proportion of plants in the population than did other taxa. In flight cage experiments, bees and butterflies transferred similar amounts of pollen overall, but bees transferred significantly more inter-morph (compatible) pollen. For each component measured, euglossine bees appeared to be the most effective pollinators. |
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Keywords: | Distyly Euglossine bee Heliconiid butterfly Pollinator effectiveness Psychotria |
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