Involvement of ATP,increase of intracellular calcium and the early expression of <Emphasis Type="Italic">c-fos</Emphasis> in the repair of rat fetal articular cartilage |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Nobuyuki?KumahashiEmail author Mitsuo?Ochi Hiroko?Kataoka Yuji?Uchio Hiroyuki?Kakimaru Katsura?Sugawara Koh-ichi?Enomoto |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan;(2) Present address: Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi Minami-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan;(3) Japan Tissue Engineering Co. Ltd, 6-209-1 Miyakitadori, Gamagori, Aichi, 443-0022, Japan;(4) Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan |
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Abstract: | To compare the potential of adult and fetal animals to repair articular cartilage, we investigated the early process after creating superficial defects in the femoral knee cartilage in rat models. In fetuses at 19 days of gestation, both chondrocytes and the extracellular matrix responded notably by 48 h after artificial injury. Staining patterns with safranin O revealed that, by 1 h after injury, some components of the extracellular matrix around the wound were modified, and the change spread from the limited region to the entire knee cartilage within 24 h. The chondrocytes in the area surrounding the wound transiently expressed increased level of c-fos from 1 h to 6 h. The wound remained 1 day after birth, i.e., 72 h after injury, but was completely repaired 10 days after birth. In contrast, neither visible responses nor transient c-fos expression was observed in 12-week-old adult articular cartilage 48 h after injury. We also examined the relationships between the intracellular Ca2+ concentration (Ca2+]i) and the induction of c-fos expression in the cartilage. Applications of ATP or Ca2+ ionophore A23187, both of which increase Ca2+]i, induced immediate expression of c-fos in primary cultured chondrocytes: 1 M ATP elicited an increase of Ca2+]i in chondrocytes in fetal cartilage slices, but 1 mM was required in adult cartilage slices. Our findings show the presence of a signaling pathway that is apparently active in the repair of fetal but not adult articular cartilage and that involves the intercellular transfer of ATP, increase of Ca2+]i, and expression of c-fos in cartilage.This study was supported in part by Health Sciences Research Grants for Research on Human Genome, Tissue Engineering and Food Biotechnology to M.O. from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare |
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Keywords: | ATP c-fos Intracellular calcium Cartilage defect Repair Rat (Wistar) |
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