|
|||||
|
|
Chemistry and Microbial Functional Diversity Differences in Biofuel Crop and Grassland Soils in Multiple Geographies |
|
| Authors: | Lidia S Watrud Jay R Reichman Michael A Bollman Bonnie M Smith E Henry Lee Julie D Jastrow Michael D Casler Harold P Collins Steven Fransen Robert B Mitchell Vance N Owens Brent Bean William L Rooney Donald D Tyler George A King |
| Institution: | 1. United States Environmental Protection Agency, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, 97333, OR, USA 2. Argonne National Laboratory Biosciences Division, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, 60439, IL, USA 3. United States Department of Agriculture,-ARS, US Dairy Forage Research Center, 1925 Linden Drive, Madison, 53706, WI, USA 4. United States Department of Agriculture-ARS, Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit, 24106 N. Bunn Road, Prosser, 99350, WA, USA 5. Washington State University Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, 24106 N. Bunn Road, Prosser, 99350, WA, USA 6. United States Department of Agriculture-ARS, University of Nebraska, 35 Keim Hall, Lincoln, 68583, NE, USA 7. Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, 1110 Rotunda Lane North, 244C SNP, Brookings, Box 2140C, 57007, SD, USA 8. Texas Agrilife Research and Extension Center, Texas A &M University, 6500 Amarillo Blvd. West, Amarillo, 79106, TX, USA 9. Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A & M University, Foundation Seed Bldg., 405 Turk Road, College Station, 77843, TX, USA 10. West TN Research and Education Center, University Tennessee, 605 Airways Blvd, Jackson, 38301, TN, USA 11. Dynamac Corporation, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, 97333, OR, USA |
| Abstract: | We obtained soil samples from geographically diverse switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) crop sites and from nearby reference grasslands and compared their edaphic properties, microbial gene diversity and abundance, and active microbial biomass content. We hypothesized that soils under switchgrass, a perennial, would be more similar to reference grassland soils than sorghum, an annual crop. Sorghum crop soils had significantly higher NO3 ? -N, NH4 + -N, SO4 2? -S, and Cu levels than grassland soils. In contrast, few significant differences in soil chemistry were observed between switchgrass crop and grassland soils. Active bacterial biomass was significantly lower in sorghum soils than switchgrass soils. Using GeoChip 4.0 functional gene arrays, we observed that microbial gene diversity was significantly lower in sorghum soils than grassland soils. Gene diversity at sorghum locations was negatively correlated with NO3 ? -N, NH4 + -N, and SO4 2? -S in C and N cycling microbial gene categories. Microbial gene diversity at switchgrass sites varied among geographic locations, but crop and grassland sites tended to be similar. Microbial gene abundance did not differ between sorghum crop and grassland soils, but was generally lower in switchgrass crop soils compared to grassland soils. Our results suggest that switchgrass has fewer adverse impacts on microbial soil ecosystem services than cultivation of an annual biofuel crop such as sorghum. Multi-year, multi-disciplinary regional studies comparing these and additional annual and perennial biofuel crop and grassland soils are recommended to help define sustainable crop production and soil ecosystem service practices. |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录！ | |