Experimental study of the temperature effect on survival and development rates in the early ontogenesis of common toad (Bufo bufo)

The influence of temperature on mortality and development rate of common toad Bufo bufo was investigated in the laboratory conditions. It was shown that the rate of embryogenesis at +19°C increased almost 1.4 times as compared with the development of a temperature of +15°C. The temperature affects the resulting embryo mortality at the time of hatching primarily in clutches with low survival.