Effects of zinc,selenium, and calcium on the nephrotoxicity of cadmium in primary cultures of rat renal proximal epithelial cells |
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Authors: | Minoru Yoshida Masakatsu Fukumoto Tsuyoshi Kishimoto Yukio Yamamura Hidesuke Shimizu Osamu Sakai |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Public Health, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, 216 Kawasaki, Japan;(2) Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, 105 Tokyo, Japan;(3) Second Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, 105 Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | The influence of essential metals, like zinc, selenium, and calcium, on the nephrotoxicity of cadmium was studied in primary
cultures of rat proximal tubular cells. Damage to kidney cells was assessed by measuring the release of lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH), γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GTP), and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) from cells into the medium and the cellular concentration of protein. Incubation with 200 μM cadmium in the presence of equivalent molar or lower concentrations of zinc and selenium showed greater release of LDH and
NAG than cadmium alone, indicating an enhanced effect. However, metallothionein (MT) induced by pretreatment with a nontoxic
concentration of zinc decreased significantly the release of enzyme from cells and elevated cellular protein levels in response
to MT levels. MT provided partial protection against the nephrotoxicity of cadmium. Decreased calcium levels in the incubation
medium also resulted in markedly increased release of LDH and NAG from cells exposed to cadmium and reduced cellular protein
levels. These findings suggest that variations in zinc and calcium intake may affect the development of cadmium-induced renal
dysfunction. |
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Keywords: | cadmium zinc selenium calcium metallothionein primary culture kidney cells |
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