Ret rescues mitochondrial morphology and muscle degeneration of Drosophila Pink1 mutants |
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| Authors: | Pontus Klein Anne Kathrin Müller‐Rischart Elisa Motori Cornelia Schönbauer Frank Schnorrer Konstanze F Winklhofer Rüdiger Klein |
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| Institution: | 1. Molecules – Signaling – Development, Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Martinsried, Germany;2. German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany;3. Neurobiochemistry, Adolf Butenandt Institute, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany;4. Department of Life Quality Studies ‐ Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy;5. Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany;6. Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany;7. Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (Synergy), Munich, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Parkinson's disease (PD)‐associated Pink1 and Parkin proteins are believed to function in a common pathway controlling mitochondrial clearance and trafficking. Glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its signaling receptor Ret are neuroprotective in toxin‐based animal models of PD. However, the mechanism by which GDNF/Ret protects cells from degenerating remains unclear. We investigated whether the Drosophila homolog of Ret can rescue Pink1 and park mutant phenotypes. We report that a signaling active version of Ret (RetMEN2B) rescues muscle degeneration, disintegration of mitochondria and ATP content of Pink1 mutants. Interestingly, corresponding phenotypes of park mutants were not rescued, suggesting that the phenotypes of Pink1 and park mutants have partially different origins. In human neuroblastoma cells, GDNF treatment rescues morphological defects of PINK1 knockdown, without inducing mitophagy or Parkin recruitment. GDNF also rescues bioenergetic deficits of PINK knockdown cells. Furthermore, overexpression of RetMEN2B significantly improves electron transport chain complex I function in Pink1 mutant Drosophila. These results provide a novel mechanism underlying Ret‐mediated cell protection in a situation relevant for human PD. |
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| Keywords: | Drosophila neurodegeneration neurotrophic factors OXPHOS Parkinson's disease |
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