Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Holostichides terrae nov. spec. (Ciliophora: Spirotrichea) with discussion on the possible non-monophyly of Holostichides |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Biology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea;2. Institute of Science-Gifted Education, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea;1. Technical University of Denmark, National Institute of Aquatic Resources (DTU Aqua), Kemitorvet, Bygning 201, DK 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;2. Nørrebrogade 52a 5th, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark;1. The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;2. Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Youyi Xilu 127, 710072, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China;3. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;1. Laboratory of Protozoology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China;2. School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand;3. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;1. Laboratory of Microbiota, College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China;2. Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;3. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;4. Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK;5. College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China;1. Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2. The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China;4. Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | In a study to investigate ciliate diversity, we discovered a new soil ciliate. Holostichides terrae nov. spec. was examined and identified based on observations of living cells and stained specimens. In addition, the nuclear SSU rRNA gene along with morphology was analyzed to infer its phylogenetic position. The new species closely resembles H. dumonti, but can be distinguished by the morphology of the pharynx (with rod-shaped structure vs. lacking) and the number of frontoterminal cirri (invariably two vs. usually more than two). Molecular analyses indicate that the genus Holostichides is not monophyletic, and H. terrae is closely related with the genera Birojimia and Hemicycliostyla, both of which have a pharynx with rod-shaped structures, as also seen in H. terrae. |
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| Keywords: | Korea New species SSU rRNA gene Terrestrial ciliate |
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