High pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of flavonoid chemical markers in petals from Gerbera flowers as an adjunct for cultivar and germplasm identification |
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Authors: | Sam Asen |
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Institution: | Florist and Nursery Crops Laboratory, Horticultural Science Institute, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD 20705, U.S.A. |
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Abstract: | Flavonoids present in petals from Gerbera flowers were resolved and quantitated by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The anthocyanins isolated from 18 cultivars, ranging in color from orange through lavender, were pelargonidin and cyanidin 3-malonylglucosides accompanied by smaller amounts of pelargonidin and cyanidin 3-glucosides. Related flavonoid copigments were apigenin and luteolin 4′-glucosides and 7-glucosides, apigenin 7-malonylglucoside, kaempferol and quercetin 3-glucosides, 4′-glucosides and 3-malonylglucosides. Both qualitative and quantitative differences in these flavonoid chemical markers distinguished cultivars with very similar colors. Malonyl esters of anthocyanins are easily degraded by HCl and conventional extraction and purification procedures were adjusted to preserve their natural state. |
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Keywords: | Compositae chemosystematics flavonoid malonylglucosides |
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