Benefits to Female Helpers in Wild Rhinopithecus roxellana |
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Authors: | Wenzhong Xi Baoguo Li Dapeng Zhao Weihong Ji Peng Zhang |
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Institution: | (1) College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710069, China;(2) Institute of Natural Resources, Massey University, Albany, Auckland, 1311, New Zealand;(3) Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama Aichi, 484–8506, Japan |
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Abstract: | To assess what female Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) gain from allowing others to care for their infants, we collected behavioral data on 12 mother-infant dyads at Zhouzhi National
Nature Reserve in the Qinling Mountains, China. Mothers’ feeding time significantly increased when infants were cared for
by other group members versus when they were cared for by the mothers themselves. The time mothers spent autogrooming and
receiving grooming also increased when they were temporarily relieved of maternal duties; however, mothers did not groom other
individuals more when they were not encumbered by infants. There are several benefits that mothers gain from having helpers
care for their infants: They gain more time to feed and thus increase their feeding efficiency. Mothers have more time to
engage in hygienic and maintenance activities because they autogroom and receive allogrooming more. Lastly, mothers save energy
when their infants are with helpers. Wild Sichuan snub-nosed monkey mothers meet their basic survival and maintenance needs
because of helping behavior. |
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Keywords: | benefits helpers maternal care Sichuan snub-nosed monkey |
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