波浪冠层栽培模式对高油大豆叶片活性氧代谢和膜脂过氧化的影响

 为探明波浪冠层栽培模式增产增效的机理，为其推广应用提供理论依据，2005～2006年以高油大豆(Glycine max）品种‘鲁豆9号’为试验材料 ,采用大田试验和室内生理生化测定相结合的方法，研究了波浪冠层栽培模式对高油大豆叶片活性氧代谢和膜脂过氧化的影响。结果表明，波浪 冠层群体与对照CK相比，可溶性蛋白质含量平均增加1.56 mg·g^-1，增加0.034％，其中结荚期最多，为9.43 mg·g^-1，增加1.35％，差异达到极 显著水平；可溶性糖含量平均增加了3.82 mg·g^-1，增加7.18％，其中开花期最多，为12.51 mg·g^-1，高达48.41％，差异达到极显著水平。可 溶性蛋白质和可溶性糖含量的变化更利于C、N代 谢和源、库、流的协调，其中,C代谢改善和提高的水平高于N代谢。保护性酶过氧化物酶 （Peroxidase, POD）活性平均增高20.13％，在结荚期最多，高达46.53%,差异达到极显著水平，POD是关键保护性酶，其保护作用强于超氧化 物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase, SOD）和过氧化氢酶（Catalase, CAT）；SOD活性平均增高2.28％；CAT活性平均增高0.48％；膜脂过氧化 产物丙二醛（Malondialdehype, MDA）含量降低。保护性酶POD、SOD和CAT活性升高，MDA含量降低，作物清除活性氧的能力增强，延缓衰老。 波浪冠层群体与对照保护性酶变化规律一致，即SOD活性高峰出现时期最早，CAT次之，POD最晚，这表明在大豆不同的生育期，不同保护酶分别 发挥着不同程度的保护作用。因此，该栽培模式对大豆活性氧代谢和膜脂过氧化的影响明显，有利于作物高产优质高效目标的实现。

EFFECT OF WAVING-CANOPY CULTURAL TYPE ON ACTIVE OXYGEN ANDMEMBRANE LIPID METABOLISM PEROXIDATION OF HIGH OIL SOYBEAN LEAVES

Aims The objective of our study was better understanding of increased yield and economic benefits of high oil soybean with waving-canopy cultural type. Methods We used the high-oil soybean (Glycine max cv. Ludou9) and studied the effects of waving-canopy cultural type on active oxygen and membrane lipid metabolism peroxidation in its leaves in field experiments and laboratory analyses during 2005-2006.  Important findings The average content of soluble protein and soluble sugar was 1.56 and 3.82 mg?g-1 greater in the waving- canopy groups compared to CK (0. 034% and 7.18%, respectively). Their contents increased 1.35% and 48.41% at podding and flowering growth stages, respectively, with all differences being statistically significant. Changes in the content of soluble protein and soluble sugar were much more favorable to C, N metabolism, and coordination of the source, storage and flow and metabolism of C was more meliorated and greater than that of N. Average activities of peroxidase (POD) increased by 20.13%, most increased by 46.53% at podding growth stages, and the difference was statistically significant. It was the key protective enzyme that had more effects than superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). The average activities of SOD and CAT increased by 2.28% and 0.48%, respectively, while malondialdehype (MDA) content declined, and the ability for improvement against active oxygen increased and senility occurred slowly. POD, SOD and CAT all had the same trends, the activity of SOD appeared earlier than that of CAT and POD, and POD appeared lastly, i.e., these three enzymes had different effects at different growth stages. Therefore, this cultural type significantly affected the active oxygen and membrane lipid metabolism peroxidation of soybean, and it was much more favorable for the high oil soybean to gain high yield, fine quality and economic benefit.