石油污染土壤中不同人工林木根际丛枝菌根真菌与球囊霉素的研究

以陕西延长县石油污染区常见的13种人工种植林木为材料,测定了各人工种植林木根际丛枝菌根(AM)真菌发育状况、污染土壤的理化性质、土壤酶活性和球囊霉素含量,探讨AM真菌在石油污染土壤生态修复中的作用。结果表明,13种林木均能形成AM,其定殖率平均为63.2%,孢子密度平均为1.93个.g-1干土,其中受污染程度最低的柠条AM真菌定殖率和孢子密度最高,分别为91.6%和4.73个.g-1干土;毛白杨、狼牙刺和刺槐的根际土壤养分(有机碳、碱解氮、速效磷)含量相对较高;各种人工种植林木的根际土壤球囊霉素含量、多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性随根际土壤石油烃污染浓度的增加而明显升高,其中刺槐、狼牙刺和酸枣根际土壤的过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性都较高,同时这3种林木的球囊霉素含量也较高。因此,林木根际土壤球囊霉素含量、多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性可以作为石油污染的敏感指标。

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Glomalin in the Rhizosphere of Different Plant Species Grown in Oil-Contaminated Soil

In this paper,we examined the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization,oil concentrations,soil enzyme activities,soil factors and glomalin content associated with 13 tree species grown in oil contaminated soil in Yanchang of Shaanxi Province to discuss the effect of AMF on restoration of oil-contaminated soil.The results showed that,among the 13 species of trees,all of them were colonized by AMF with colonization 63.2%,and spore density 1.93 per gram dry soil in average.The highest colonization 91.6% and spore density 4.73 per gram dry soil were observed in Caragana korshinskii.The soil nutrient status in the rhizosphere of Populus tomentosa,Sophora viciifolia and Robinia pseudoacacia were better than that of others.With the increase in oil concentration,the polyphenol oxidase activities,catalase activities and glomalin improved.Higher polyphenol oxidase activities,catalas activities and glomalin were found in the rhizosphere of R.pseudoacacia,S.viciifolia and Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa.Therefore,polyphenol oxidase activities,catalas activities and glomalin could be used as the sensitive indicators of oil contamination soils.