亚热带山地森林附生地衣的移植生长及其对环境变化的响应

本研究选取云南哀牢山亚热带森林系统6种常见的附生大型地衣进行为期2年的移植实验,分析其在原生林林外、林缘以及林内3种生境下的生物量增长速率和健康率等的差异,并探讨其生长对环境因子变化的响应。结果显示,网肺衣Lobaria retigera和平滑牛皮叶Sticta nylanderiana在林缘处生物量增长最快;而槽枝Sulcaria sulcata、多花松萝Usnea florida、皮革肾岛衣Nephromopsis pallescens、针芽肺衣Lobaria isidiophora 4种地衣则都是在林外光照更强、湿度更低的条件下生长得最好,林内最差。除网肺衣外,所有地衣的健康率均在林外较好,林缘次之,林内最差。非参数相关分析表明,6种地衣的生长速率和光照以及温度呈正相关,与大气湿度呈负相关;温度和光照是影响地衣生长最主要的生境因子。

Growth of epiphytic lichens and their responses to environmental changes in a subtropical mountain forest

Transplanting experiments of six species of epiphytic macrolichens were carried out in Ailao Mountains for two-year. The differences of health rate and biomass growth rate of the lichens among three habitats, primeval forest interior, forest edge and open land, were compared. The relationship between lichen growth and environmental factors were also detected. It was found that the biomass of Lobaria retigera and Sticta nylanderiana increased most rapidly in the forest edge, while Sulcaria sulcata, Usnea florida, Nephromopsis pallescens and Lobaria isidiophora grew best at the open land with strongest light and lower humidity. The health rates of the lichens were higher in the open land, relatively lower in forest edge, and lowest in the forest interior, except for Lobaria retigera. Non-parametric correlation analysis showed that the growth rate of the six lichen species was positively correlated with light and temperature, and negatively correlated with atmospheric humidity. Temperature and light are the most important factors affecting the growth of epiphytic lichens.