内生真菌枝孢属Cladosporium sp.对丹参生长和丹酚酸含量的影响

本文介绍从药用植物丹参内生真菌中筛选新获得的一株对丹参生长和丹酚酸含量具有显著促进作用的菌株,Cladosporium sp. SM58。运用菌根生物技术,于离体、盆栽和田栽条件下,分别将丹参组培苗或幼苗接种SM58固体菌种后,观察测定菌株SM58对丹参组培苗生长的影响,以及丹参幼苗接菌培植6个月后菌株SM58对丹参丹酚酸有效成分含量和生物量的影响;同时进行显微观察,对菌株SM58侵入田栽丹参根组织的状况进行分析。结果表明,SM58菌株不仅对丹参组培苗的株高、根长和生物量均有显著促生长作用（P<0.01）,而且对盆栽和田栽丹参的丹酚酸有效成分含量和根干重的提高也均有显著效果（P<0.01）。与对照相比较,接菌组田栽丹参的根干重、总酚酸含量、丹酚酸A的含量分别提高68%、47%、11%。显微观察显示SM58菌丝主要通过侵染丹参的根表皮细胞和皮层细胞而对丹参产生影响。本研究表明,SM58菌株能对丹参品质和产量产生有益影响,是一株具有很好研究价值和开发应用的活性菌。

Active endophytic fungus Cladosporium sp. promoting growth and increasing salvianolic acid content of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Cladosporium sp. SM58, endophytic fungi in medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza is beneficial for growth promotion and improvement of salvianolic acid content of S. miltiorrhiza. The tissue-cultured seedlings or seedlings of S. miltiorrhiza were inoculated with solid-medium-cultured Cladosporium sp. SM58 and then were cultivated under conditions of tissue culture, pot culture and field cultivation. The effect of this fungus on the growth of seedlings was observed. The effects of the fungus on the content of effective component of salvianolic acid and biomass of S. miltiorrhiza seedlings were also surveyed after six months. The microstructure changes of the root of S. miltiorrhiza under field culture were observed under light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that Cladosporium sp. SM58 not only promoted the growth of tissue-cultured seedlings, increased the growth of root and improved the plant biomass (P<0.01), but also significantly affected the growth of S. miltiorrhiza under pot and field culture, and increased the content of effective component of salvianolic acid and plant biomass (P<0.01). The biomass of the inoculated S. miltiorrhiza under field culture was 68.4% higher than that of the plants in control group. Compared with the control group, the content of total phenolic acid and salvianolic acid A was increased respectively by 47.3% and 11.1%. Observation under light microscope revealed that the hypha of SM58 infected the epidermic and cortical cells of S. miltiorrhiza root. This study indicated that the strain SM58 has a beneficial effect on the quality and yield of S. miltiorrhiza.