Synergistic activation of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated glial cells by propofol |
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Authors: | Hyun Myung Ko So Yeon Kim So Hyun Joo Jae Hoon Cheong Sung-Il Yang Chan Young Shin Bon Nyeo Koo |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and SMART-IABS, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea;3. College of Pharmacy and Uimyong Research Institute for Neuroscience, Samyook University, Nowon-goo, Seoul 139-742, Republic of Korea |
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Abstract: | Despite the extensive use of propofol in general anesthetic procedures, the effects of propofol on glial cell were not completely understood. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rat primary astrocytes and BV2 microglial cell lines, co-treatment of propofol synergistically induced inflammatory activation as evidenced by the increased production of NO, ROS and expression of iNOS, MMP-9 and several cytokines. Propofol augmented the activation of JNK and p38 MAPKs induced by LPS and the synergistic activation of glial cells by propofol was prevented by pretreatment of JNK and p38 inhibitors. When we treated BV2 cell culture supernatants treated with LPS plus propofol on cultured rat primary neuron, it induced a significant neuronal cell death. The results suggest that the repeated use of propofol in immunologically challenged situation may induce glial activation in brain. |
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Keywords: | JNK p38 iNOS Cytokines Neuronal death |
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