小鼠膈腹膜淋巴孔和膈淋巴管的发育

应用透射电镜、扫描电镜和酶组织化学方法，研究胚胎期和出生后不同时期小鼠膈腹膜淋巴孔（PLS）和膈淋巴管的发生和发育，并用Elescope计算机图像处理技术对PLS进行定量分析。结果发现：胚胎13天时，膈腹膜仅由扁平形间皮细胞（FMC）组成；胚胎15天时，FMC间出现立方形间皮细胞（CMC）和早期腹膜淋巴孔（NLS）；胚胎18天时，膈毛细淋巴管出现，台盼蓝吸收试验显示NLS无物质吸收功能；出生后1天（PND1），膈毛细淋巴管内皮细胞向PLS伸出胞质突起，并横跨CMC下结缔组织纤维和基底膜，形成腹膜下小管。后者与PLS沟通，建立了腹膜腔内物质转归通路。台盼蓝吸收试验表明，出生后PLS具有物质吸收功能，即为成熟腹膜淋巴孔（MLS）。PND5，立方细胞嵴（CMCR）发生，膈毛细淋巴管数量增多。PND10，大量立方细胞嵴融合，形成条带状分布的立方细胞区域，其上分布有大量MLS。随着发育进展，MLS平均面积和平均分布密度逐渐增大，且随着膈淋巴管的发育，吸收功能逐渐增强。

DEVELOPMENT OF PERITONEAL LYMPHATIC STOMATA AND DIAPHRAGM LYMPHATIC VESSELS IN MICE

The development and occurrence of the peritoneal lymphatic stomata (PLS) and diaphragm lymphatic vessels in mice, at different ages from the embryonic to the postnatal period, were studied with TEM, SEM and enzyme histochemistry. The data were analyzed with a computer image processing system and elescope software. The results showed that the diaphragm mesothelium was only covered with the flattened mesothelial cells (FMC) on embryonic day (ED)13. On ED 15, some cuboidal mesothelial cells (CMC) and nonage lymphatic stomata (NLS) were found scattered on the diaphragm mesothelium. However, the sub peritoneal lymphatic capillaries did not appear until ED18. During this stage, it was noted that there was no absorptive function in NLS when trypan blue granules were injected into the peritoneal cavity. On postnatal day (PND) 1, the sub peritoneal connective tissue and basal membrane of the mesothelial cells were spanned by the endothelial cell processes of lymphatic cells to form a sub peritoneal channel connected with the NLS. Therefore, an absorptive route of material in the peritoneal cavity was formed and the PLS were found to have absorptive function following the application of trypan blue. On PND 5, the cuboidal mesothelial cells ridge (CMCR) appeared with the CMC area increasing and the sub peritoneal lymphatic capillaries more abundant in the diaphragm. On PND 10, CMCR fused to form the band like CMC area with numerous MLS in the muscular portion of the diaphragm. With the increase of age, the area and number of PLS were to increase gradually as well as lymphatic absorption from the peritoneal cavity.