苎麻属野生植物纤维细胞形态结构与其经济性状和物理性能的关系

以13种苎麻属植物为试验材料,于植物工艺成熟期取样测定经济性状并用显微镜观察横截面及离析纤维细胞形态,研究苎麻属植物纤维细胞形态结构与其经济性状和物理性能的相关性。结果显示:(1)苎麻属野生种质的纤维细胞外观形态表现与栽培种苎麻基本一致,多呈圆形、多边形、椭圆形和肾形等,形态各异,大小不一。(2)茎秆横截面纤维细胞直径、腔径和纤维胞总数都明显少于对照栽培种,与其原麻产量存在不同程度的正相关性。(3)离析纤维细胞长度、宽度、壁厚和结节数与纤维细度存在不显著负相关,且野生苎麻属种质的细胞长度、宽度明显小于栽培种苎麻。研究表明,野生苎麻属种质在提高栽培种产量上无太大效应,但其在优良纤维基因选育方面和改良栽培种苎麻纤维品质上具有重要应用价值。

Fiber Cell Morphology and Its Relationship with Economic Traits and Physical Properties of Ramie Wild Plant

To study the fiber cell morphology,structure and its correlation with yield and physical properties of wild plant in Boehmeria,the determination of economic traits and microscope observation of the cell morphology of the cross-sections and isolated fiber were conducted in process maturity approach with 13 kinds of Boehmeria plant as test material.The results showed that:(1)Fiber cell morphology in germplasm of wild ramie was consistent with the cultivation of ramie,were mostly circular,polygonal,oval,and kidney line,of various shapes and sizes;(2)Fiber cell diameter,lumen diameter and the total number of fiber cell in stem cross-section showed varying degrees of positive correlation with raw jute yield,but they were significantly less than the control cultivars,which indicated that it was difficult for the wild Boehmeria germplasm to have good improvement to increase production;(3)There were not significantly negatively correlation between segregation fiber cell length,width,wall thickness,nodule number and fiber fineness,and the cell length,width of wild Boehmeria germplasm was significantly less than the cultivars of ramie,which indicated that the Boehmeria wild material had important application value in the fine fiber gene breeding areas and improving fiber quality in cultivars of ramie.