Understanding the genetic architecture of a quantitative trait in gymnosperms by genotyping haploid megagametophytes |
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Authors: | R L Wu D M O’Malley S E McKeand |
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Institution: | (1) Forest Biotechnology Group, Department of Forestry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695–8008, USA e-mail: rwu@statgen.ncsu.edu Fax: +1 919 515 7135, US |
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Abstract: | The gymnosperms are a group of plants characterized by a haploid female gametophyte (megagametophyte). With the function of
bearing the female gametes and nourishing the developing embryo, the megagametophyte has provided a simple way to understand
the genetics of gymnosperm species using biochemical or genetic markers. In this paper, a quantitative genetic approach is
proposed to study the genetic architecture of a quantitative trait in gymnosperms by taking advantage of the megagametophyte
and the concept of average effect of a gene. Average effect describes the value associated with an allele carried by an individual
and transmitted to its offspring. Through the genetic dissection of the average effect and genetic variance associated with
a gamete carrying candidate genes, this approach can provide estimates of basic population genetic parameters, such as additive,
dominant and epistatic effects, allelic frequencies and linkage disequilibrium. The candidate genes, known through their major
mutant phenotype, have been reported in gymnosperms. An example for a candidate gene affecting lignin biosynthesis was applied
to demonstrate the statistical procedures of the approach and its advantage. The conditions upon which the approach can be
effectively used are discussed.
Received: 15 January 1999 / Accepted: 12 March 1999 |
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Keywords: | Average effect Candidate gene Genetic architecture Gymnosperm Megagametophyte |
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