Genetic variation in Miscanthus × giganteus and the importance of estimating genetic distance thresholds for differentiating clones |
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Authors: | Katarzyna Głowacka Lindsay V. Clark Shivani Adhikari Junhua Peng J. Ryan Stewart Aya Nishiwaki Toshihiko Yamada Uffe Jørgensen Trevor R. Hodkinson Justin Gifford John A. Juvik Erik J. Sacks |
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Affiliation: | 1. Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA;2. Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland;3. College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China;4. Plant & Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA;5. Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki‐shi Miyazaki‐ken, Japan;6. Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan;7. Dept. of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark;8. School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland |
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Abstract: | Miscanthus × giganteus (Mxg) is an important bioenergy feedstock crop, however, genetic diversity among legacy cultivars may be severely constrained. Only one introduction from Japan to Denmark of this sterile, triploid, vegetatively propagated crop was recorded in the 1930s. We sought to determine if the Mxg cultivars in North America were all synonyms, and if they were derived from the European introduction. We used 64 nuclear and five chloroplast simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to estimate genetic similarity for 27 Mxg accessions from North America, and compared them with six accessions from Europe, including the species’ type‐specimen. A subset of accessions was also evaluated by restriction‐site associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq). In addition, we assessed the potential of new crosses to increase Mxg genetic diversity by comparing eight new triploid Mxg progeny grown from seed, along with samples of the parental species M. sacchariflorus and M. sinensis. Estimates of genotyping error rates were essential for distinguishing between experimental error and true genotypic differences among accessions. Given differences in estimated error rates and costs per marker for SSRs and RAD‐seq, the former is currently more cost‐effective for determining if two accessions are genetically identical. We concluded that all of the Mxg legacy cultivars were derived via vegetative propagation from a single genet. In contrast with the Mxg legacy cultivars, genetic similarity to the type‐specimen of eight new triploid Mxg progeny ranged from 0.46 to 0.56. Though genetic diversity among the Mxg legacy cultivars is critically low, new crosses can provide much‐needed variation to growers. |
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Keywords: | genetic diversity genotyping error interspecific hybrids
Miscanthus sacchariflorus
Miscanthus sinensis
RAD‐seq
SSR
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