Hernandulcin Production in Cell Suspensions of Phyla Scaberrima: Exploring Hernandulcin Accumulation through Physical and Chemical Stimuli |
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Authors: | Nemesio Villa-Ruano Carlos J. Castro-Juárez Edmundo Lozoya-Gloria Sergio Alberto Ramírez-García Ramiro Cruz-Durán Jenaro Leocadio Varela-Caselis |
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Affiliation: | 1. CONACyT-Centro Universitario de Vinculación y Transferencia de Tecnología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. Prolongación de la 24 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México;2. Universidad de la Sierra Sur, Guillermo Rojas Mijangos, Col. Ciudad Universitaria, CP 70800 Miahuatlán de Porfirio Díaz, Oaxaca, México;3. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 Carretera Irapuato-León, CP 36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato, México;4. Facultad de Ciencias UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria, México DF, CP 04510 Del. Coyoacán, México;5. Centro Universitario de Vinculación y Transferencia de Tecnología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. Prolongación de la 24 Sur y Av. San Claudio, Ciudad Universitaria, Col. San Manuel, 72570 Puebla, México |
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Abstract: | Hernandulcin (HE) is a non-caloric sweetener synthesized by the Mexican medicinal plant Phyla scaberrima. Herein we present the results of HE production through cell suspensions of P. scaberrima as well as the influence of pH, temperature, biosynthetic precursors and potential elicitors to enhance HE accumulation. The incorporation of mevalonolactone (30–400 mg L−1) farnesol (30–400 mg L−1), AgNO3 (0.025–0.175 M), cellulase (5–60 mg L−1; 0.3 units/mg), chitin (20–140 mg L−1) and (+)-epi-α-bisabolol (300-210 mg L−1) to the cell suspensions, resulted in a differential accumulation of HE and biomass. Among elicitors assayed, chitin, cellulase and farnesol increased HE production from 93.2 to ∼160 mg L−1 but, (+)-epi-α-bisabolol (obtained by a synthetic biology approach) increased HE accumulation up to 182.7 mg L−1. HE produced by the cell suspensions was evaluated against nine strains from six species of gastrointestinal bacteria revealing moderate antibacterial activity (MIC, 214–465 μg mL−1) against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Helicobacter pylori. Similarly, HE showed weak toxicity against Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium bifidum (>1 mg mL−1), suggesting a selective antimicrobial activity on some species of gut microbiota. According to our results, chitin and (+)-epi-α-bisabolol were the most effective molecules to enhance HE accumulation in cell suspensions of P. scaberrima. |
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Keywords: | Phyla scaberrima hernandulcin cell suspensions elicitors gut microbiota |
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