Nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapies: An innovative strategy |
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Authors: | Pourya Nasirmoghadas Akbar Mousakhani Farahnaz Behzad Nasrin Beheshtkhoo Ali Hassanzadeh Marzieh Nikoo Mohsen Mehrabi Mohammad Amin Jadidi Kouhbanani |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;3. Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS), University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;4. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;5. Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;6. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Helal Iran Pharmaceutical and Clinical Complex, Tehran, Iran;7. Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran |
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Abstract: | Cancer has been one of the most significant causes of mortality, worldwide. Cancer immunotherapy has recently emerged as a competent, cancer-fighting clinical strategy. Nevertheless, due to the difficulty of such treatments, costs, and off-target adverse effects, the implementation of cancer immunotherapy described by the antigen-presenting cell (APC) vaccine and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy ex vivo in large clinical trials have been limited. Nowadays, the nanoparticles theranostic system as a promising target-based modality provides new opportunities to improve cancer immunotherapy difficulties and reduce their adverse effects. Meanwhile, the appropriate engineering of nanoparticles taking into consideration nanoparticle characteristics, such as, size, shape, and surface features, as well as the use of these physicochemical properties for suitable biological interactions, provides new possibilities for the application of nanoparticles in cancer immunotherapy. In this review article, we focus on the latest state-of-the-art nanoparticle-based antigen/adjuvant delivery vehicle strategies to professional APCs and engineering specific T lymphocyte required for improving the efficiency of tumor-specific immunotherapy. |
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Keywords: | antigen-presenting cell vaccine cancer immunotherapy chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy nanoparticle |
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