Green and Red Brazilian Propolis: Antimicrobial Potential and Anti-Virulence against ATCC and Clinically Isolated Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria |
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| Authors: | Thayná de Souza Silva Júlia M. B. Silva Gláucia H. Braun Jennyfer A. A. Mejia Gari V. C. Ccapatinta Mário Ferreira Conceição Santos Matheus H. Tanimoto Jairo K. Bastos Renato L. T. Parreira Renato P. Orenha Alexandre Borges Andresa A. Berretta Rodrigo C. S. Veneziani Carlos H. G. Martins Sérgio R. Ambrósio |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Franca, Av. Dr. Armando de Salles Oliveira 201, Franca, Brazil;2. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil;3. Faculty of Medicine, University Center of Santa Fé do Sul, Av. Mangara 477, Campus II, Santa Fé do Sul, Brazil;4. Laboratório de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento & Inovação, Apis Flora Indl. Coml. Ltda., Ribeirão Preto, Brazil;5. Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720, Bloco 2B sala 221, Uberlândia, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Brazilian green and red propolis stand out as commercial products for different medical applications. In this article, we report the antimicrobial activities of the hydroalcoholic extracts of green (EGP) and red (ERP) propolis, as well as guttiferone E plus xanthochymol (8) and oblongifolin B (9) from red propolis, against multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB). We undertook the minimal inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations, inhibition of biofilm formation (MICB50), catalase, coagulase, DNase, lipase, and hemolysin assays, along with molecular docking simulations. ERP was more effective by displaying MIC and MBC values <100 μg mL−1. Compounds 8 and 9 displayed the lowest MIC values (0.98 to 31.25 μg mL−1) against all tested Gram-positive MDRB. They also inhibited the biofilm formation of S. aureus (ATCC 43300 and clinical isolate) and S. epidermidis (ATCC 14990 and clinical isolate), with MICB50 values between 1.56 and 6.25 μg mL−1. The molecular docking results indicated that 8 and 9 might interact with the catalase's amino acids. Compounds 8 and 9 have great antimicrobial potential. |
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| Keywords: | red propolis green propolis guttiferone E xanthochymol oblongifolin antibacterial activity |
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