Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Vespinae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) |
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| Authors: | JAMES M CARPENTER |
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| Institution: | Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. |
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| Abstract: | Abstract. The phylogenetic relationships of the genera, subgenera and species-groups of the Vespinae are analysed using cladistic techniques. The results are used as the basis for a natural classification of these wasps. The cladogram for the four genera recognized is: Vespa + (Provespa + (Dolichovespula + Vespula)). No subgenera are recognized; all those previously described are synonymized with the appropriate genus. The synonymies of Nyctovespa with Vespa and Rugovespula with Vespula are new. |
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