Host recognition by the specialist endoparasitoidMicroplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Role of host- and plant-related volatiles |
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Authors: | Ursula S. R. Röse Hans T. Alborn Gyorgy Makranczy W. Joe Lewis James H. Tumlinson |
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Affiliation: | 1. USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, P.O. Box 14565, 32604-2565, Gainesville, Florida 2. Department of Chemical Ecology, G?teborg University, S-413 19, G?teborg, Sweden 4. IBPMRL, USDA-ARS, P.O. Box 748, 31793, Tifton, Georgia
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Abstract: | The specialist parasitoidMicroplitis croceipes Cresson can parasitize only noctuid larvae in the generaHelicoverpa andHeliothis. To be successful in their search for hosts, the ability to distinguish hosts from nonhosts feeding on the same plant is beneficial. In flight tunnel experiments, we found that prior to landing on the odor sourceM. croceipes were able to distinguish volatiles released from frass of host larvae(Helicoverpa zea Boddie) and nonhost larvae (Spodoptera exigua Hübner andSpodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith) fed on cotton. However, an initial contact experience with frass of cotton-fed host larvae appeared to be critical for this ability. Wasps that had antennated frass of host larvae fed pinto bean diet were equally attracted to frass of host and nonhost larvae fed on pinto bean diet. In short-range walking experiments, wasps located cotton-fed host larvae faster than diet-fed larvae, regardless of their experience. Wasps that had antennated frass of cotton-fed host larvae were less attracted to cotton-fed nonhost larvae, compared to host larvae, and preferred to sting host larvae. Plant-related volatiles in host frass and larvae appear to play a major role in the successful location of host larvae. |
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Keywords: | Microplitis croceipes Helicoverpa zea parasitoid volatile infochemicals host frass host-searching behavior |
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