生物芯片技术及其应用

生物芯片是指包被在固相载体上的高密度ＤＮＡ、抗原、抗体、细胞或组织的微点阵，它是微电子学和分子生物学结合产生的新技术。该技术被评为１９９８年度世界十大科技进展之一。本文讨论了生物芯片技术的发展、技术参数、相关仪器的发展和在ＤＮＡ序列测定、基因表达分析、基因分型、基因多态性分析、疾病的诊断、突变分析、药物筛选和微生物的鉴定等方面的应用。

Development and application of biochip technology

Biochip is a high-density microarray of DNA, antigen, antibody, cell of tissue on solid support such as glass slide. It is a new technique fused of microelectronics and molecular biology. It has recently been selected as one of the ten scientific highlights in the year 1998. The develop- ment and parameters of the technique, the equipment for automation of the technique were dis- cussed in this review. The application of the technique was reviewed in DNA sequencing, geno- typing, SNP analysis, disease diagnostics, mutation analysis, discovery of drugs and identifica- tion of microorganisms.