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Seasonal variation and natural infection of Lutzomyia antunesi (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), an endemic species in the Orinoquia region of Colombia
Authors:Adolfo Vásquez Trujillo  Angélica E González Reina  Agustín Góngora Orjuela  Edgar Prieto Suárez  Jairo Enrique Palomares  Luz Stella Buitrago Alvarez
Institution:1.Corporación para la Investigación en Salud Tropical, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia;2.Escuela de Ciencias Animales, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia;3.Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá DC, Colombia;4.Clinical Sciences Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA;5.Laboratorio de Entomología, Secretaria de Salud del Meta, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia
Abstract:Lutzomyia antunesi has been commonly reported in outbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Orinoquia region of Colombia. The bionomics of this species were studied in the municipality of Villavicencio (Meta, Colombia). Sandflies were captured over the course of one week per month for one year in intradomiciliary, peridomiciliary and extradomiciliary housing areas. The captures were performed from 06:00 pm-06:00 am using CDC light traps and the females were processed for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Leishmania spp. A total of 22,097 specimens and 19 species were captured of which Lu. antunesi (89%) and Lutzomyia walkeri (5%) were the most abundant. Other species recognised as anthropophilic (Lutzomyia panamensis, Lutzomyia gomezi, Lutzomyia flaviscutellata and Lutzomyia fairtigi) were present in very low abundance (< 2%). Natural infection with Leishmania spp was detected using PCR in Lu. antunesi, Lu. panamensis and Lu. flavicutellata, showing infection rates of 1%, 4.8% and 7.5%, respectively. The present paper provides information on various ecological aspects of Lu. antunesi. An analysis of seasonality shows that this species increases in abundance in the hottest months (December, January and February), directly correlating with the maximum temperature and inversely correlating with precipitation. The natural infection rate is associated with the peaks of highest abundance.
Keywords:sandflies  seasonal variation  natural infection  Lutzomyia antunesi  leishmaniasis  Colombia
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