The phlebotomine fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) of
Guaraí, state of Tocantins,with an emphasis on the putative vectors of American
cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural settlement and periurban areas |
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Authors: | Maurício Luiz Vilela Daniela de Pita-Pereira Carina Graser Azevedo Rodrigo Espíndola Godoy Constan?a Britto Elizabeth Ferreira Rangel |
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Institution: | 1. Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmanioses ;2. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil ;3. Núcleo de Leishmanioses, Coordenadoria de Doenças Vetoriais e Zoonoses, Secretaria da Saúde do Estado do Tocantins, Palmas, TO, Brasil |
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Abstract: | Phlebotomine sandflies were captured in rural settlement and periurban
areas of the municipality of Guaraí in the state of Tocantins (TO), an endemic
area of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). Forty-three phlebotomine species
were identified, nine of which have already been recognised as ACL vectors.
Eleven species were recorded for the first time in TO. Nyssomyia
whitmani was the most abundant species, followed by
Evandromyia bourrouli, Nyssomyia antunesi
and Psychodopygus complexus. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index
and the evenness index were higher in the rural settlement area than in the
periurban area. The evaluation of different ecotopes within the rural area
showed the highest frequencies of Ev. bourrouli and Ny.
antunesi in chicken coops, whereas Ny. whitmani
predominated in this ecotope in the periurban area. In the rural settlement
area, Ev. bourrouli was the most frequently captured species in
automatic light traps and Ps. complexus was the most prevalent
in Shannon trap captures. The rural settlement environment exhibited greater
phlebotomine biodiversity than the periurban area. Ps.
complexus and Psychodopygus ayrozai naturally
infected with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis were
identified. The data identified Ny. whitmani as a potential ACL
vector in the periurban area, whereas Ps. complexus was more
prevalent in the rural environment associated with settlements. |
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Keywords: | phlebotomine fauna Nyssomyia whitmani Psychodopygus complexus Leishmania vectors |
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