红茶菌在脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型中的作用研究

摘要 目的：探讨红茶菌在脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型中是否有改善效果。方法：将48只清洁级SD大鼠根据随机数字表法分为假手术组、模型组、红茶菌组、依达拉奉组。红茶菌组术前给予红茶菌液灌胃7天以及再灌注麻醉清醒后追加灌胃1次，依达拉奉组大鼠在再灌注前15 min经腹腔注射依达拉奉，模型组和假手术组给予生理盐水。遵循Zea Longa线栓法阻断大鼠大脑中动脉血流2 h后恢复再灌注24 h 建立MCAO模型，假手术组大鼠仅分离劲总动脉。再灌注24 h后，神经行为学评分评估脑损伤程度；TTC染色观察红茶菌对大鼠脑梗死面积比的影响并用Image J软件测定梗死面积；HE染色后观察大鼠脑组织皮层神经元病理形态学；透射电镜观察大鼠皮层神经元超微结构及线粒体形态。结果：脑缺血再灌注24 h后，对大鼠进行神经行为学评分，红茶菌组神经神经行为学评分为（2.21±0.60），依达拉奉组神经行为学评分为（2.01±0.66），均显著低于模型组（2.52±0.52）（P＜0.05）；TTC染色后观察到模型组大鼠大脑梗死灶明显，红茶菌组与依达拉奉组较模型组大鼠梗死面积明显减小；HE结果显示模型组大脑皮层神经元损伤明显，红茶菌组与依达拉奉组较模型组大脑皮层神经元坏死减轻，梗死面积缩小；透射电镜下观察到模型组大鼠染色质溶解，线粒体肿胀，红茶菌组与依达拉奉组较模型组溶解减少，线粒体结构较完整。结论：红茶菌可减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠模型的神经元损伤，有望成为改善脑缺血再灌注损伤的疗法或辅助疗法。

To Study the Role of Kombucha in the Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate whether kombucha can improve cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: Forty-eight clean grade Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided intoSham group, Model group, Kombucha group 2 mL /(300 g?d) and Edaravone group 3 mg/(300 g?d). The rats in the Kombucha group were given kombucha solution for 7 days before operation and once after the anesthesia awakening. The rats in the Edaravone group were intraperitoneally injected with Edaravone before reperfusion, and the Model group and Sham operation group were given 9% sodium chloride solution. According to ZeaLonga thread occlusion method, the blood flow of middle cerebral artery was occluded for 2 hours and then reperfused for 24 hours. The rats in Sham group were only separated from the common artery. After 24 hours of reperfusion, the degree of brain injury was evaluated by neurobehavioral score, the effect of kombucha on the ratio of cerebral infarct area was observed by TTC staining and the infarct area was measured by ImageJ software, the pathomorphology of cortical neurons was observed after HE staining, and the ultrastructure and mitochondrial morphology of cortical neurons were observed by transmission electron microscope. Results: 24 hours after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, the neurobehavioral scores of rats in Kombucha group and Edaravone group were 2.21±0.60 and 2.01±0.66, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in Model group (2.52±0.52) (P<0.05). After TTC staining, it was observed that the cerebral infarction focus was obvious in the model group, and the infarct area in the kombucha group and Edaravone group was significantly smaller than that in the Model group, and the HE results showed that the damage of cortical neurons in the model group was obvious, and the cerebral cortical neuronal necrosis and infarct area in the Kombucha group and Edaravone group were less than those in the Model group. Under transmission electron microscope, it was observed that chromatin dissolved and mitochondria swelled in the Model group. Compared with the model group, the dissolution decreased in the tea Kombucha group and Edaravone group, and the mitochondrial structure was relatively complete. Conclusion: Kombucha can reduce the neuronal injury in the rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and it is expected to be a therapy or adjuvant therapy for improving cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.