麦无网长管蚜不同地理种群遗传多样性的ISSR标记研究

为阐明麦无网长管蚜Metopolophium dirhodumus不同地理种群的遗传多样性，利用ISSR分子标记对6个地区（河北保定、定州、石家庄、邢台、邯郸，山东聊城）的麦无网长管蚜种群进行了遗传多样性研究。23条ISSR引物扩增出了297条清晰条带，其中172条（57.91%）具有多态性。遗传多样性分析结果表明：麦无网长管蚜群体间的遗传多样性（57.91%）高于群体内的遗传多样性（26.24%），其中河北保定种群和河北邯郸种群的种群内遗传变异最小（24.92%），河北石家庄种群的种群变异最大（41.75%），河北和山东地区的种群（除河北石家庄）之间没有显著遗传差异。根据种群变异来源分析，有26.44%遗传变异来源于种群间，73.56%变异来自于种群内（Gst=0.2644），不同地理种群间并没有出现分化现象（Nm=1.3910）。利用不加权算术平均法（UPGMA）对6个种群进行统计分析，构建进化树，发现6个种群分为了两大类，而其地理距离与遗传距离并不存在相关性，地理空间并未对其种群间的基因交流产生影响。麦无网长管蚜有较高的遗传多样性，而各个种群间并没有明显遗传分化的趋势。本研究有关麦无网长管蚜不同地理种群基因流和遗传变异将为控制麦蚜危害和田间综合防治提供必要的数据支持。

Genetic diversity of different geographical populations of Metopolophium dirhodumus based on ISSR analysis

In order to clarify the genetic diversity of geographic populations of Metopolophium dirhodumus, the genetic diversity of six different geographical populations of M.dirhodumus from Hebei Province and Shandong Province was investigated with the ISSR method. The results showed that a total of 297 ISSR loci, of which 57.91% were polymorphic, were obtained by using twenty-three selected primers. The genetic diversity among populations(57.91%) was higher than that within the population(26.24%). The intra-population genetic variation was highest in Shijiazhuang of Hebei, and lowest in Baoding and Handan of Hebei. The genetic variation of populations in Hebei(except Shijiazhuang) had no significant difference with that in Shandong. The genetic variations were 26.44% and 73.56% from the interpopulation and the intrapopulation(Gst=0.2644), respectively. According to Gene flow(Nm=1.3910), there was no obvious genetic differentiation among different geographic populations. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using MAGE 5.1 with the unweighted arithmetic average(UPGMA) method and the six different geographical populations of M. dirhodumus was divided into two categories, which showed that there is no correlation between geographical distance and genetic distance. These combined results showed that there was a high degree of genetic diversity, and no obvious genetic differentiation among the six different geographical populations of M. dirhodumus. The gene exchange among different geographical populations of M. dirhodumus was not affected by geographical space, as it was showed no correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance. This study will provide necessary data and support for the integrative prevention and control of M. dirhodumus.