Course and branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, inferior thyroid artery and inferior laryngeal artery

Length, width, and thickness of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and its extra-laryngeal twigs were estimated. Included is the course of the nerve to the suspensory ligament of the thyroid gland, to the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage and to trachea and esophagus. The origin of the inferior thyroid artery, its width and course to the twigs of the recurrent laryngeal nerve were studied. The origin zone of the inferior laryngeal artery is also described. The different terms and opinions about the twigs of the truncus thyreocervicalis and the thyroid axis are discussed.