脑部靶向给药技术

介于脑部毛细血管与脑组织之间的血脑屏障是一层难以通过的生理屏障 ,能够阻挡大多数外源物质进入脑内。临床上采用的中枢神经系统药物大多是能够扩散通过血脑屏障的小分子脂溶性物质 ,而这类药物已经远远不能满足临床需要 ,很多疾病的诊断、治疗需要大分子、水溶性物质。传统的将这类大分子药物导入脑部的方法效果差、危险性大 ,因此近年来针对能够通过血脑屏障脑部靶向给药技术的研究逐渐成为热点。综述了近年来国际上使用嵌合肽、免疫脂质体及纳米粒子解决脑部靶向性给药的研究进展。

Advances in Brain Targeting Drug Delivery

The blood brain barrier between the brain and the brain capillary endothelial cells is a impermeable barrier, which can prevent most aliens transport into brain. All of the neurotherapeutics that are used in clinical practice at present are small lipid soluble molecules that can diffuse through the BBB. Yet these drugs can no longer meet the clinical needs, many brain neurotherapeutics and neuroprotective drugs are large, water soluble molecules. The usual pathway to deliver large molecules into brain is ineffective and dangerous, therefore the study of brain targeting drug delivery has become a hotspot recent years. This article reviews the advances in brain targeting drug delivery technology such as chimeric peptide technology, PEGylated immunoliposome and nanoparticle technology.