武汉梅花炭疽病病菌的多样性研究

炭疽病是梅花（Prunus mume）栽培中的重要病害,对梅花的栽培构成严重威胁。本研究从武汉发病的梅花叶片样品上分离、获得了170个炭疽病菌菌株,它们在形态特征、致病性、分子遗传水平等方面都表现出较大的差异。按菌落形态、色素分泌、拟菌核产生、分生孢子及孢子梗形态和大小等形态特征将梅树炭疽病菌分为7种类型,其中Ⅵ型和Ⅶ型菌株在PDA培养基上可以连续产生大量的有性后代。7种类型的菌株只能侵染梅花、樱树、梨树、苹果、桃树、杏树等蔷薇科园艺植物,并且存在着明显的致病力分化,但不侵染吉祥草、柑桔、大叶黄杨、豇豆、紫荆、高粱等供试的其它科植物。依据致病力可将梅树炭疽病菌分为强、中、弱3类。ITS序列表明它们均属于胶孢炭疽（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）。对其中7种类型36个梅树炭疽病菌菌株的进行了RAPD聚类分析,在55%相似水平上,供试菌株可以分为3组,所聚类群与形态学类型和致病力分化所形成的强、中、弱3类没有明显的相关性。表明梅花炭疽病菌菌株间存在丰富的遗传多样性。

Diversity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Causing Anthracnose on Plum Trees in Wuhan

Wuhan is the global research and resource center of the plum(Prunus mume).Anthracnose is an important plant disease of the plum.In this study,170 fungal isolates were isolated from plum leaves showing anthracnose symptoms collected from Wuhan,Hubei Province.The isolates were classified into seven types based on colony morphology,pigment production,morphology and size of spore conidia and conidiophore.Isolates of all types could infect Rosaceae fruit trees,but could not infect plant species belonging to othe...