Gas-exchange parameters and morphological features of festulolium (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Festulolium braunii</Emphasis> K. Richert A. Camus) in response to nitrogen dosage

The response of some photosynthetic parameters (CO₂ assimilation, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO₂ concentration, water-use efficiency, and chlorophyll content), shoot development, and the morphological features of the root system to differentiated conditions of nitrogen supply was tested in festulolium (Festulolium braunii K. Richert A. Camus) varieties (Felopa and Sulino). Nitrogen fertilization with no nitrogen added 0 g(N)], single dosage 0.23 g(N)], and double dosage 0.46 g(N)] per pot and per year was applied. Lack of nitrogen resulted in formation of longer and finer roots and lowered chlorophyll content, CO₂ assimilation, and water-use efficiency, resulting in lower dry matter accumulation. Application of both dosages of nitrogen resulted in improved aboveground features, while root features were enhanced without nitrogen fertilization. Dependence between physiological parameters and morphological traits was significant and positively correlated in the case of the aboveground parts of plants and negatively correlated to the belowground parts.