New polymorphic microsatellite markers for the masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou masou) from Korea and their application to wild and hatchery populations |
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| Institution: | 1. National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Incheon, 404-708, Republic of Korea;2. The Korean Association for Conservation of Freshwater Fish, Seoul, 135-709, Republic of Korea;3. Teachers College, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Marine Molecular Biotechnology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 210-702, Republic of Korea;5. River Development Project Agency of Samcheok-City, Samcheok, 245-833, Republic of Korea;1. Institute of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Gregor-Mendel Str. 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria;2. Molecular Zoology Unit, Chair of Zoology, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany;3. Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, Department for Water–Atmosphere–Environment, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Max-Emanuelstr. 17, 1180 Vienna, Austria;4. Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Ecology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 8807, United States;1. Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU), 4040 Linz, Austria;2. BioMed-zet Life Science GmbH, 4020 Linz, Austria;3. Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;1. Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, C.P. 6030, CEP 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil;2. Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6, CNRS UMR 7590, F-75005, Paris, France |
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| Abstract: | Masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou masou, is an economically important fish species in the Far East and occurs in two life history forms: sea-run migratory (anadromous) and freshwater resident (non-anadromous). The non-anadromous form has recently become a popular freshwater food and game fish during a well-known Korean winter festival. However, the genetic background of this species remains largely unknown, partly due to a lack of molecular genetic markers. In this study, we developed new polymorphic microsatellite markers for masu salmon using next-generation sequencing technology. From 40 primer sets, 11 primer sets (27.5% of the primer sets selected) were successfully amplified with 106 alleles (range 2–9) in 64 individuals from different populations: two wild and one hatchery. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.304 to 0.947 and 0.278 to 0.865, respectively. Significant departures from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were detected for four markers (OMM11, OMM17, OMM28, and OMM33) in a single population. All pair-wise FST values were highly significant between the wild and hatchery populations (range 0.084–0.183, P < 0.0001). We identified a set of robust microsatellite markers that worked well even in formalin-fixed samples, which will be suitable for biogeographical and population structure analyses of the masu salmon. |
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| Keywords: | Masu salmon Genetic diversity Microsatellite Next-generation sequencing |
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