The effect of past climatic oscillations on spatial genetic structure of Atraphaxis manshurica (Polygonoideae) in the Horqin sandlands,northern China |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Tyumen Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen, Russian Federation;2. Surgut State University, Surgut, Russian Federation;3. Arctic Research Center, Salekhard, Russian Federation;4. Institution of Culture of Sverdlovsk Region "Scientific Production Center on protection and use of monuments of history and culture of the Sverdlovsk Region", Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation;1. Institute of High Magnetic Fields, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Naugarduko st. 41, 03227 Vilnius, Lithuania;2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Naugarduko st. 41, 03227 Vilnius, Lithuania;3. Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Center of Life Sciences, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio ave 7, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;4. Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių st. 5, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania;5. Laboratory of Biodeterioration Research, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos st. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania;6. Laboratory of Mycology, Nature Research Centre, Zaliuju ezeru st. 49, 08406 Vilnius, Lithuania;7. Institute of Telecommunications, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Naugarduko st. 41, 03227, Vilnius, Lithuania |
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| Abstract: | To investigate the effect of past climate oscillations on the genetic diversity and demographic history of organisms in the Horqin sandlands, at the margin of the monsoonal zone in northern China. We selected Atraphaxis manshurica as a model and examined the spatial genetic structure in populations of this species across most of its covered range. Five haplotypes were identified on the basis of two chloroplast DNA sequences (psbK-psbI and psbB-psbH) in 127 individuals from 11 natural populations. The total genetic diversity (HT = 0.437) of A. manshurica is low compared with species to the west in arid northwestern China, outside of monsoonal influence. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicates that genetic differentiation primarily occurred among two geographical groups distinguished by spatial analysis of molecular variance (SAMOVA). The BEAST molecular clock approach revealed that genetic divergence of the species mostly occurred in middle-late Pleistocene, in accordance with the periodic glacial periods and accompanying monsoonal changes. From species distribution modeling (SDM), we found that the species experienced range contraction and southward retreat during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The current genetic pattern and demographic history may have thus been shaped by glacial–interglacial cycles and changes of habitat since the middle Pleistocene. |
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| Keywords: | Climate oscillations Horqin sandy land Genetic structure |
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