The complete mitochondrial genome of Accipiter virgatus and evolutionary history of the pseudo-control regions in Falconiformes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Bioresources and Ecoenvironment (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China;2. Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PR China;3. College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, PR China;1. Center for Reproductive Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, People''s Republic of China;2. Center for Reproductive Medicine, Central Hospital, Taian, People''s Republic of China;3. Taishan Medical College, Taian, People''s Republic of China;1. V.E. Lashkarev Institute of Semiconductor Physics, NAS of Ukraine, 45 Pr. Nauki, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine;2. National Science Center Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, 1 Akademicheskaya St., Kharkov 61108, Ukraine;1. School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom;2. Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom;1. UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Straße 4, D-06120 Halle, Germany;2. iDiv, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;3. Departament of Ecology, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil;4. Center for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, 391 82 Kalmar, Sweden;5. Institute of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, College, Los Baños 4031, Laguna, Philippines |
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| Abstract: | The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Accipiter virgatus was determined. This mt-genome was 17,952 bp in length and consisted of 22 tRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, one control region (CR) and one pseudo-control region (CCR). Phylogenetic analyses of 14,644 bp of mitochondrial DNA (12 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs) revealed the phylogenetic position of Cathartidae (Cathartes aura) was more closer to Ciconiidae (storks) than Accipitridae. To investigate the divergence times of the CCRs in Falconiformes, detailed analyses of the noncoding regions (CR and CCR) were performed. We found the recently reported novel gene order in Falconiformes had multiple independent origins and hence cannot be used to infer phylogenetic lineages. Indeed, the molecular clock suggested the CCR in Falconidae emerged about 65.4 million years (Mya), while that in Pandionidae–Accipitridae clade emerged about 19.16 Mya. The intra-genomic homology between the noncoding regions was detected in Spilornis cheela, which supporting the duplication hypothesis. Furthermore, the structure of CCR should be featured by a region containing tandem repeats as two definitely separated clusters of tandem repeats were found. The findings presented here should be considered in future phylogenetic and evolutionary studies targeting the pseudo-control regions of all Falconiformes species. |
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| Keywords: | Mitochondrial genome Phylogeny Pseudo-control region Molecular clock |
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