Molecular phylogenetic convergence within Elasmobranchii revealed by cytochrome oxidase subunits |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece;2. School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15784, Athens, Greece;3. Department of Marine Sciences, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, 81100, Greece;4. Laboratory of Ichthyology and Fisheries, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece;1. Virginia Tech, USA;2. Pepco Holdings, Inc, USA;1. Baotou Medical College, No. 31 Construction Road, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014060, China;2. Inner Mongolia Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010020, China;3. The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014060, China;1. School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China;2. National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100027, PR China;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Caixa Postal 131, CEP 74001-970 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil;2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Bloco E, Asa Norte, CEP 770910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil;3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Caixa Postal 131, CEP 74001-970, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil;4. Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Caixa Postal 131, CEP 74001-970 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil;5. Laboratório de Macroecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus II, BR 364, Km 192, CEP 75801-615 Jataí, Goiás, Brazil;1. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Biological Sciences, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 712-714, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Medicinal Pharmacognosy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, 1432-1, Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan;2. Division of Pharmacology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1, Keyaki-dai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan |
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| Abstract: | The phylogenetic relationships within the subclass of Elasmobranchii are under question within the academic community and their systematic classification based on morphological, or physiological characteristics has not yet been fully justified. Modern cladistic studies suggested that batoids are derived sharks, a taxonomic status known as the Hypnosqualean hypothesis. The main purpose of this study was to address this issue using a data set of aligned, directly sequenced, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunits I and II. Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony, Minimum Evolution and Bayesian inference were implemented for tree reconstructions. The results provided evidence that supported the rejection of the above hypothesis, in accordance with other recent molecular phylogenetic studies. More specifically Rajiformes species were presented as separate lineages from sharks. Prionace species on the other hand was grouped within Carcharhinoformes, which was clustered as sister group to Lamniformes. COI and COII regions supported, monophylies of Squaliformes and paraphylies of Carchariniformes. |
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| Keywords: | Elasmobranchii Cytochrome oxidase Molecular phylogeny Sharks Hypnosqualea |
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