Estrogen Represses Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Growth via Inhibiting Alternative Activation of Tumor-associated Macrophages (TAMs) |
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| Authors: | Weiwei Yang Yan Lu Yichen Xu Lizhi Xu Wei Zheng Yuanyuan Wu Long Li Pingping Shen |
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| Institution: | From the ‡State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China and ;the §Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China |
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| Abstract: | Hepatocarcinoma cancer (HCC), one of the most malignant cancers, occurs significantly more often in men than in women; however, little is known about its underlying molecular mechanisms. Here we identified that 17β-estradiol (E2) could suppress tumor growth via regulating the polarization of macrophages. We showed that E2 re-administration reduced tumor growth in orthotopic and ectopic mice HCC models. E2 functioned as a suppressor for macrophage alternative activation and tumor progression by keeping estrogen receptor β (ERβ) away from interacting with ATP5J (also known as ATPase-coupling factor 6), a part of ATPase, thus inhibiting the JAK1-STAT6 signaling pathway. These studies introduce a novel mechanism for suppressing male-predominant HCC. |
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| Keywords: | Estrogen Estrogen Receptor Macrophages Tumor Immunology Tumor Therapy Alternatively Activated Macrophages Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumor Progression Tumor-associated Macrophages (TAMs) Alternatively Activated Macrophage (M2) |
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