榆林火石梁遗址动物遗存研究

本文对榆林新机场火石梁遗址出土的动物骨骼进行了系统的分类和研究。动物骨骼属哺乳动物18种,鸟类1种;其中以羊骨数量最多,约占总数的60%,不同于任何一个关中新石器遗址。根据对出土的动物骨骼和文化层堆积分析结果表明:遗址周围的自然景观以草原为主,草原上有各种羊、牛、马、兔等食草动物,不远处有一定面积的森林、疏林、灌丛及沙漠,其间有虎、猫等食肉动物和各种鹿类动物及羚羊的出没。动物中虎、梅花鹿、马鹿、狍、羚羊、岩羊现已在此绝迹,其余为现仍生活在该地区的种类。

A Study on the Faunal Remains from the Huoshiliang Site in Yulin, Shaanxi

In 2006, plenty of faunal remains were unearthed from the Huoshiliang site in Yulin city, northern Shaanxi Province. All these faunal remains were collected scientifically according to the archaeological units and were carefully classified, measured and identified. The results of sorting and analysis of these remains indicate that there are at least 19 species including the mole rat, rabbit, red fox, dog, badger, cat, tiger, horse, domestic pig, goat, sheep, cattle, red deer, sika deer, roe deer, blue sheep, Mongolian gazelle and birds. Almost all these faunal remains belong to from the Late Longshan Period to the Early Xia Dynasty. The identifications of these faunal remains suggest the environment of the site was deteriorated with desertification, and the climate was better than the present associated with the large square grasslands and some forest. The MNI of goat and sheep account for 60% of the total animal remains, the MNI of wild animals is much smaller than domestic animals.