Immunoelectron microscope localization of Mr 90000 heat shock protein and Mr 70000 heat shock cognate protein in the salivary glands of Chironomus thummi

The Mr 90000 heat shock protein (hsp 90) and one of the Mr 70000 heat shock cognate proteins (hsc 70) were localized by immunoelectron microscopy in salavary gland cells of normal and heat-shocked larvae of Chironomus thummi using polyclonal antibodies raised against Drosophila proteins. Immunoblotting after separation of proteins by gel electrophoresis shows that these antibodies cross-react with the corresponding proteins of Chironomus. Hsp 90 was localized both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, where it is associated with intrachromosomal and extrachromosomal ribonucleoprotein (RNP) fibrils, as well as with the peripheral region of compact chromatin. After heat shock the concentration of hsp 90 increases in the nucleus. This increase is prevented by actinomycin D administration during the heat shock. Hsp 90 is associated with the chromatin of puffs repressed by heat shock and with the RNP fibrils of actively transcribing heat shock puffs. Hsc 70 is mainly found in RNP fibrils and in the periphery of compact chromatin. During heat shock the concentration of hsc 70 decreases in the cytoplasm while it becomes more abundant in association with chromatin and intrachromosomal and extrachromosomal RNP fibrils. These results suggest a translocation of the existing protein from the cytoplasm toward the nucleus. They are supported by observations of the effect of heat shock carried out in the presence of actinomycin D.by D.P. Bazett-Jones