Additional duplicated Hox genes in the earthworm: Perionyx excavatus Hox genes consist of eleven paralog groups |
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Authors: | Cho Sung-Jin Vallès Yvonne Kim Kyong Min Ji Seong Chul Han Seock Jung Park Soon Cheol |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Republic of Koreab Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, 385 LSA, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3200, USAc Future Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Jeju 690-192, Republic of Korea |
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Abstract: | Annelida is a lophotrochozoan phylum whose members have a high degree of diversity in body plan morphology, reproductive strategies and ecological niches among others.Of the two traditional classes pertaining to the phylum Annelida (Polychaete and Clitellata), the structure and function of the Hox genes has not been clearly defined within the Oligochaeta class. Using a PCR-based survey, we were able to identify five new Hox genes from the earthworm Perionyx excavatus: a Hox3 gene (Pex-Hox3b), two Dfd genes (Pex-Lox6 and Pex-Lox18), and two posterior genes (Pex-post1 and -post2a). Our result suggests that the eleven earthworm Hox genes contain at least four paralog groups (PG) that have duplicated. We found the clitellates-diagnostic signature residues and annelid signature motif. Also, we show by semi-quantitative RT-PCR that duplicated Hox gene orthologs are differentially expressed in six different anterior-posterior body regions. These results provide essential data for comparative evolution of the Hox cluster within the Annelida. |
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