Evolution of prokaryotic homologues of the eukaryotic SEFIR protein domain |
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Authors: | Wu Baojun Gong Jing Liu Lanlan Li Tianren Wei Tiandi Bai Zengliang |
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Affiliation: | a Laboratory of Developmental Immunology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Chinab State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Chinac Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China |
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Abstract: | SEF/IL17 receptor (SEFIR) domains are mainly found in IL17 receptors (IL17Rs) and their adaptor proteins CIKS (connection to IKK and SAPK/JNK), which exert a host defense role in numbers of infectious diseases and promote inflammatory pathology in autoimmunity. Exploring the evolutionary pathway of SEFIR domains will provide further insight into their functions. Here, we have identified 84 SEFIR domain-containing proteins from more than 1400 prokaryotic genomes. As most SEFIR domain-containing bacterial genomes possess a single SEFIR encoding gene and the SEFIR protein domain forms homodimeric complexes like the Toll/IL1 receptor (TIR) domain, the single bacterial SEFIR proteins may receive binding partners from other organisms. Through comparative and phylogenetic sequence analyses, we show that bacterial SEFIR domain is more similar to that of vertebrate CIKS than IL17R, and it possibly emerges via a lateral gene transfer (LGT) from animals. In addition, our secondary and three-dimensional structural predictions of SEFIR domains reveal that human and pathogenic bacterial SEFIR domains share similar structural and electrostatic features. Our findings provide important clues for further experimental researches on determining the functions of SEFIR proteins in pathogenic prokaryotes. |
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Keywords: | CIKS, connection to IKK and SAPK/JNK IL17, interleukin-17 IL17R, interleukin-17 receptor SEFIR, SEF/IL-17 receptor LGT, lateral gene transfer TIR, Toll/IL1 receptor IL1R, IL1 receptor NACHT, NAIP/CIIA/HET-E/TP1 WD40, β-transducin TRAF2/6, TNF receptor-associated factor 2/6 SARM, sterile-α and armadillo motif MyD88, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 |
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