Dynamics of the fungal symbionts in the gallery system and the mycangia of the ambrosia beetle,Xylosandrus mutilatus (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in relation to its life history |
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Authors: | Hisashi Kajimura Naoki Hijii |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Forestry, School of Agriculture, Nagoya University, 464-01 Nagoya, Japan;(2) The Nagoya University Forest, 464-01 Nagoya, Japan |
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Abstract: | The dynamics of the fungal symbionts in the gallery system and the mycangia of the ambrosia beetle,Xylosandrus mutilatus, were studied in relation to its life history using both isolation experiments and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In
the galleries,Ambrosiella sp. was predominant during the larval stages but its relative dominance gradually decreased during the development of the
larvae. In contrast, yeasts (mainlyCandida sp.) andPaecilomyces sp. dominated continuously in the galleries after eclosion.Ambrosiella sp. was consistently stored in the mycangia in all adult stages, except in the teneral and overwintering adults when the
other fungi were dominant. No fungal spores occurred in the mycangia of the adult beetles reared under aseptic conditions
from the pupal stage, while onlyAmbrosiella sp. was stored in those reared from the teneral-adult stage. These results suggest that: (i) Xmutilatus is associated with at least three fungal species, among whichAmbrosiella sp. is the most essential food resource for development of the broods; (ii) immediately after eclosion, new female adults
may take at least four associated fungal species, with no or incomplete selection, into their mycangia from the walls of the
cradles; and (iii) conditions may well be produced in the mycangia of both matured and dispersing beetles whereby only the
spores ofAmbrosiella sp. can proliferate. |
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Keywords: | ambrosia beetle Ambrosiella sp fungal symbionts mycangia Xylosandrus mutilatus |
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