高危型HPV和L1壳蛋白与宫颈病变关系的研究进展

宫颈病变是女性最常见的疾病之一,是多种因素共同作用的结果。宫颈癌及癌前病变的发生、发展是一个多因素、多步骤的复杂过程,多种基因的改变引发细胞的增殖失控。大量资料表明高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染是宫颈病变的主要危险因素,其中HPV16、18型感染占了绝大部分。HPV整合状态与宫颈病变程度密切相关,人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)L1壳蛋白为免疫杀伤HPV病毒的主要靶位,L1蛋白的表达有利于激发人体细胞免疫,清除感染的细胞。HPV感染机体且病毒处于复制阶段时L蛋白才在机体中表达,但是当HPV病毒DNA与宿主细胞基因整合后,L1壳蛋白将不表达,无法形成一系列免疫反应,引发宫颈癌。HPV L1壳蛋白的表达缺失与宫颈病变的进展密切相关。本文对高危型HPV与HPV L1壳蛋白在宫颈病变中的研究进展作一综述。

Research Progress on High Risk HPV and HPV L1 Protein in Cervical Lesions

Cervical lesions is one of the most common diseases of women, and is the result of the interaction of many factors. The occurrence and development of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, is a complex process of multiple factors and multiple steps. Changes in multiple genes cause cell proliferation. Substantial information indicate that high risk human papilloma virus infection is the major risk factor for cervical lesions, HPV16 infections account for the vast majority. Integration of HPV was closely related to cervical lesions. Human papilloma virus (HPV) L1 protein as the main target for immune anti-HPV viruses. The L1 protein of expression helps stimulate cellular immunity to clear infected cells. L1 protein expression in the body when HPV infection and the virus is replication phase. But after consolidation the DNA of HPV virus and host cell genes, L1 protein will not express, and can not form a range of immune response, but cause cervical cancer. HPV L1 protein expression with cervical lesions progress closely. This article is a summary of research progress on high risk HPV and HPV L1 protein in cervical lesions in the summary of research progress.