细胞内pH值测定方法的研究进展

很多细胞的活动都对pH的变化十分敏感。pH值的有效控制对维持正常的细胞生理活动十分重要。如何有效监测细胞内pH值是很多细胞生物学的重要研究内容之一,如在研究细胞内转运蛋白、Ca2+离子等的变化活动时均需要测定细胞内的pH值,其相关的研究已有100多年的历史。本文将介绍目前几种细胞内pH值的主要测定方法,包括:弱酸弱碱分布法、核磁共振法、微电极法、荧光探针法等;每一种方法将从相关方法、技术的原理、特点、应用、局限性和注意事项等着手,将各个方法的优缺点进行横向的比较。本文还将重点探讨免疫探针法的最新进展,将报道一种最新的基于碳纳米点技术和荧光染料结合的pH定量测定计,还将介绍SNARF的两种最新衍生染料SNARF-F和SNARF-Cl的性能及其应用。

Recent Progress in the Measurements of Intracellular pH

Most cellular activities are sensitive to pH. It is important to keep a suitable pH for the normal cellular activities. Measurement of cytosolic pH is of interest in studying many processes, including transport proteins, Ca2+-related proteins, the correlational studies have begun more than a hundred years ago. There are many methods that have been used to determine intracellular pH, include pH-sensitive microelectrodes, nuclear magnetic resonance, and pH-sensitive fluorescent proteins. Here we review the technologies, characteristics, applications, limitations and precautions of each approach, and make a horizontal comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of each method. This review will also focus on providing the latest use of pH-sensitive fluorescent dyes to measure intracellular pH. We will report a new quantitative measurement of the pH based on combination of carbon nanotubes point technology and fluorescent dye. We will also introduce the performance and application of two latest SNARF derivative dyes, SNARF-F and SNARF-Cl.