多功能磁共振造影剂研究进展

磁共振成像技术因对人体无创、任意方向断层扫描三维图像且分辨率较高、提供形态与功能两方面诊断评价等突出优点,成为了临床上用于疾病诊断的重要手段之一。临床上使用磁共振造影剂可以提高成像的分辨率和灵敏度,提高图像质量,增强对比度和可读性。但是,各种成像技术由于实现原理不同,具有各自的优势和缺陷,靠传统单一的诊断模式无法提供疾病的全面信息,因而在对各种复杂疾病进行诊断时会受到一定的限制。因此,将磁共振成像与其他成像技术如CT成像、超声成像等联合起来使用,则可以达到优势互补的效果,能为疾病的临床诊断提供更快捷精确的信息,同时可将磁共振成像与各种治疗方式结合在一起,即开发基于磁共振成像的诊断治疗一体化试剂,以实现对疾病的即时治疗和实时监控。本文主要介绍了磁共振成像造影剂的原理和种类,并且综述了目前国内外在基于磁共振成像的多功能造影剂/诊疗制剂这一领域的研究进展,最后就未来可能的研究方向进行了展望。

TheProgressofMultifunctionalMagneticResonanceImagingContrastAgent

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become one of the most useful diagnostic techniques in clinical diagnosticsdue to its unique advantages, such as providing non-invasive 3D visualization of anatomical structures within an arbitrary plane with highresolution for both morphological and functional diagnostic evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent is always used toimprove the imaging sensitivity and resolution to gain high-quality images with better contrast and readability for more accuratediagnosis. However, any medical imaging technique alone cannot provide us with comprehensive and adequate diagnostic information ofdiseases, because all the imaging techniques have their own advantages and defects limited by their physical principles. Therefore, in therecent years, people have found that conjunctive application of MRI and other imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT)and ultrasound imaging (US) could offer more rapid and precise information about diseases with complementary advantages. Moreover,numerous novel theranostic agents for both MRI and therapeutics could be fabricated by combining magnetic resonance imaging contrastagents with different strategies of treatments, which holds a great potential to achieve instant and real-time monitoring treatments ofdiseases. This review mainly presents the principles and classification of MRI contrast agents, and outlines the recent research progress ofmultifunctional magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents/theranostic agents in the domestic and overseas, along with their possiblefuture research direction.