抗生素的使用情况调查及细菌耐药性分析

目的:分析我院的抗生素的使用频率以及细菌耐药率的变化,为规范临床用药提供参考资料。方法:采用回顾性分析的方法对我院2009年3月-2013年3月收治的8000例住院患者的抗生素使用情况进行调查,并对我院临床上常见革兰阴性菌和阳性菌的耐药率变化进行比较,分析抗生素的使用频率与细菌耐药率变化之间的关系。结果:临床上抗生素的使用频率最大的是β-内酰胺酶抑制剂以及头孢菌素类。金葡菌对环丙沙星的耐药率与青霉素类抗生素的DDDs呈正相关,大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南的耐药率与头孢菌素类抗生素的DDDs呈负相关。结论:抗生素的用药频率与病原菌对抗生素的耐药率有相关性,并且,单一的抗生素并不能引起病原菌的耐药性,而会同时影响其他类型的抗生素的耐药情况。

Analysis of the Antibiotics Use and the Bacterial Resistance

Objective:To analyze the rate of antibiotic use and bacterial resistance frequency of patients in our hospital so as to provide the resources to standardize the drug use.Methods:The durg use of 8000 patients who were enrolled in our hospital from March 2009 to March 2013 were selected and analyzed. The changes in bacterial resistance frequency rate of Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria were compared and the relationships between frequency of the use of antibiotics and changes in bacterial resistance were also analyzed.Results:It was beta-lactamase inhibitors and cephalosporins that used antibiotics most frequently in clinic. Staphylococcus aureus resistance rates was positively correlated with ciprofloxacin and penicillin antibiotics DDDs. Escherichia coli resistance rates was negatively correlated with imipenem and cephalosporins of DDDs.Conclusion:It is suggested that the frequency administration of antibiotics is correlated with antibiotic resistance rates of pathogens. In addition, Single antibiotic can not cause the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, but will affect other types of antibiotic drug resistance.