秋水仙素诱变离体卷丹多倍体的研究

用0.15%秋水仙素附加2.00%二甲基亚砜诱变离体培养的卷丹小鳞茎,避光条件下摇床诱导,用组织培养结合不定芽诱导技术获得了多倍体苗,并对多倍体染色体数目进行鉴定。结果显示,诱导96 h效果最好,变异率达到54.29%。细胞学观察发现,对照为三倍体、非整倍体和极少数单倍体细胞组成的嵌合体,诱变出的4棵变异株细胞分别为染色体数目由53~72条的不同比例构成,属于典型的非整倍的异倍型嵌合体。诱变株与对照植株间幼苗叶形指数、气孔密度及气孔大小等特征差异比较明显。

Study on polyploid induction of Lilium lancifolium in vitro with colchicine treatment

Lilium lancifolium bulblets were treated by 0.15 % colchicine with 2.00 % dimethyl sulfoxide for addition in vitro without light, and the polyploid seedlings were obtained by adventitious bud induction technology. The results of the chromosome quantity of the polyploid indicated that the induction lasting for 96 h showed the best result with the mutation rate of 54.29 %. Via the cytological observation of 4 mutative strains, as the control group was consisted by chimera including triploid(with the proportion of 54.76 % for the 36 chromosome cell), aneuploid and few haploid, the chromosome quantity of these 4 mutative strains was consisted by the different proportion of 53-72 chromosome cells, and they were obviously aneuploid cytochimera.