高纬度地区大豆蛋白含量及氨基酸组分的表型鉴定与聚类分析

对国内外高纬度地区的240份大豆种质资源的蛋白及16个氨基酸组分进行测定,通过遗传多样性、因子和聚类分析,进行了表型鉴定及基因型分类。结果表明,供试大豆种质蛋白及氨基酸组分变异较丰富,遗传多样性程度较高。根据因子分析,将筛选到的3个公因子进行聚类分析,可将供试种质资源分为7类。蛋白含量从高到低的顺序为类群Ⅶ>类群Ⅵ>类群Ⅴ>类群Ⅱ>类群Ⅰ>类群Ⅲ>类群Ⅳ。12个氨基酸组分的变化趋势与蛋白一致。类群Ⅶ和类群Ⅵ为高蛋白遗传群体,可作为高蛋白基因聚合育种的亲本材料。通过前期分析,筛选到24份高蛋氨酸资源,包括有公野04L-141、龙品03-311、Proto、和龙油太、猫眼豆、茶色豆、紫花2号、东农48等,可为高蛋氨酸种质创新提供材料基础。

Phenotype Identification and Cluster Analysis of North Soybean Based on Protein Content and Amino Acid Composition

To identify the phenotypes and to classify the genotypes through genetic diversity, factors and cluster analysis, the content of protein and 16 amino acids was measured in 240 north soybean core collections. The results showed that there are higher genetic variation and diversity for the content of protein and 16 amino acids in 240 north soybean core collections. Three common factors were screened for clustering analysis according to the factor analysis. Seven genetic groups were divided through clustering analysis for 240 north soybean core collections. The sequence for protein content from high to low acted as group 7 > group 6 > group 5 > groups 2> groups 1> groups 3 > group 4. Change trend of 12 amino acids composition was in accordance with protein content. Group 7 and 6 for high protein genetic groups would be used as parent materials for gene polymerization breeding. 24 high methionine germplasm resources were identified by analysis, including Gongye 04L-141, Longpin 03-311, Proto, Helongyoutai, Maoyandou, Chasedou, Zihua 2, Dongnong 48. These germplasm resources are the material basis for innovation of high methionine germplasm.